Utilization of Dry Battery Waste Carbon Rod for Whiteboard Marker Ink
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/ijam.v4i2.916Keywords:
battery, carbon, graphite, ink, wasteAbstract
Disposable batteries are commonly found in dry batteries (or zinc-carbon batteries) that are discarded and converted into waste. Zinc-carbon batteries have a physical component, a carbon rod that has a graphitic carbon component that has a black pigment. This black pigment is utilized as an alternative black carbon material for the manufacture of whiteboard marker ink. This research aims to utilize graphite carbon from waste batteries as a pigment in whiteboard marker ink and test the formulation of ink samples. The supporting materials in this research are glycerin, thinner, gum arabic solution, and emulsion. The best ink sample has a density value of 1.35 g/cm3, a viscosity of 0.13 Poise, a transmittance of 72 lux, a pH of 7.67, adhesion has a dense wet nature and moderate absorbency, and non-volatility of 75% ink using a carbon mass of 6.5 grams and the ratio of thinner and glycerin is 2:5.
References
Alford, K. L., & Kumar, N. (2021). Pulmonary health effects of indoor volatile organic compounds—a meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041578
Astuti, S. I., Lestari, P., Aprianingsih, T., Sumardani, T. Z., Wicaksana, G. C., & Sholiah, A. (2022). Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Kelarutan dan Viskositas pada Gula Pasir. INKUIRI: Jurnal Pendidikan IPA, 11(1), 19–21.
BSN. (1970). SNI 06-1567-1989 Tinta cap.
BSN. (1989). SNI 06-1567-1989 Tinta Cap.
Chen, D., Lu, M., Cai, D., Yang, H., & Han, W. (2021). Recent advances in energy storage mechanism of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 54, 712–726.
Dagde. K.K, Nwosa G. I, & Ukpaka. C. P. (2019). Formulation of White Board Marker Ink Using Locally Sourced Raw Materials. European Journal of Engineering Research and Science, 4(3), 107–114.
David E, & Niculescu V. C. (2021). Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) as Environmental Pollutants: Occurrence and Mitigation Using Nanomaterials. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24).
David Harvey. (2024). Volatilization Gravitmetry. In Analytical Chemistry 2.1. DePauw University.
Farzana, R., Hassan, K., & Sahajwalla, V. (2019). Manganese oxide synthesized from spent Zn-C battery for supercapacitor electrode application. Scientific Reports, 9(1).
Gonzalez-Gonzalez, J. M., Parrilla, Á. P., & Aguado, J. A. (2022). Chemical energy storage technologies. In Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronic Power Engineering. Elsevier.
Homann, C., Rodrigues, E. M., Orsini, P., Savard, K., Togola, C.-B., Denus-Baillargeon, M.-M. de, Massabki, M., & Hemmer, E. (2024). Gum Arabic-stabilized Upconverting Nanoparticles for Printing Application. Optical Material X, 21.
Po, N., Fu, N., & Iliyasu N. (2018). Medicinal & Analytical Chemistry International Journal Erasable Ink Production for White Board Marker Using Locally Sourced Dye Med &. In Analy Chem Int J.
Putro, A. S. P., Putri, A. I., Nur’ain, R., & Arum, J. S. (2018). Utilization Of Carbon Waste Leaf As A Organic Pigment In Whiteboard Spidol Ink. Jurnal Fisika Flux: Jurnal Ilmiah Fisika FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, 15(1), 1–5.
Rahayu, T. F., & Fatimah, S. (2021). Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Karbon Tempurung Kelapa Terhadap Karakteristik Tinta Spidol Whiteboard Ramah Lingkungan. Jurnal Kartika Kimia, 4(2), 77–82.
Rengganis, A. P., Yulianto, A., & Yulianti I. (2017). Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Arang Ampas Kopi terhadap Sifat Fisika Tinta Spidol Whiteboard. Jurnal MIPA, 40(2), 92–96.
Silfia, S. , Muchtar, H., & Failisnur, F. (2015). Pengaruh perbedaan persentase penambahan gliserin dan konsentrasi larutan ekstrak gambir terhadap beberapa sifat fisika dan kadar tanin tinta stempel. Indonesian Journal of Industrial Research, 5(1), 53–59.
Sundén, B. (2019). Hydrogen, Batteries and Fuel Cells. Academic Press, 57–79.
Wulandari, S., & Masthura, M. (2023). Uji Karakteristik Tinta Spidol Whiteboard Berbahan Karbon Tempurung Kelapa dengan Variasi Gum Arab. Jurnal Kumparan Fisika, 6(2), 119–124.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Retno Wulandari, Nabila Qothrunnada Zulfa, Muanda Afifah, Evita Tri Andini
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary (IJAM) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary (IJAM).
