Work Environment, Work Conflict, and Employee Performance: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/ijam.v1i4.146Keywords:
Work Environment, Work Conflict, Employee Performance, Literature ReviewAbstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a structured literature review on the constructs of work environment, work conflict, employee performance, and empirical evidence on the relationship between work environment, work conflict, and employee performance in Indonesia context. 24 (twenty four) papers published during 2018-2022 that investigates work environment, work conflict, employee performance, and the relationship between work environment, work conflict, employee performance were reviewed. The results of the literature review regarding the effect of the work environment on employee performance show different results. The majority (83.33%) indicated that the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, while the remaining (16.67%) indicated that the work environment has insignificant effect on employee performance. The effect of work conflict on employee performance also shows different results. The majority (91.67%) indicated that work conflict has a significant effect on employee performance and the remaining (8.33%) indicated that work conflict has insignificant effect on employee performance. Of all the empirical results showing that work conflict has a significant effect on employee performance, it is obtained evidence that 54.54% has a positive effect, while 45.46% has a negative effect. For this reason, it is recommended that organizations 1) create a work environment (both physical and non-physical) that is conducive to improving employee performance; 2) manage conflicts that occur in the workplace effectively.
References
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Alma’rif, Y., Respati, H., and Nasir, M. 2022. Conflict, Stress and Motivation Influence Employee Performance. Cross Current International Journal of Economics, Management and Media Studies, Vol. 4 Issue 5, pp. 154-160.
Badrianto, Y., and Ekhsan, M. 2020. Effect of Work Environment and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance in PT. Nesinak Indonesia. Journal of Business, Management, and Accounting, Vol. 2 Issue 1, pp. 85-91.
Batubara, S.S. 2022. The Effect of Work Conflicts on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 1 - 4
Cahyaningtyas, I.D., and Santosa, A.D. 2021. The Impact of Competency, Workload, and Work Environment to Work Stress and Employee Performance of Bank BJB S. Parman. INOBIS: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia, Vol. 04 No. 03, pp. 389-396.
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Edward, Y.R., and Purba, K. (2020). The Effect Analysis of Emotional Intelligence and Work Environment on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment as Intervening Variables in PT Berkat Bima Sentana. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), Vol 3 No. 3, pp. 1552-1563.
Erawati, K.N., Sitiari, N.W., and Indiani, N.L.P. 2019. The Effect of Stress and Working Environment on Employee Performance through Motivation Mediation: A Case Study on International Restaurant in Badung Bali. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Jagaditha, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 22-30.
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Kurniawan, R.B., Sularso, R.A., and Titisari, P. 2018. The Effect Of Work Conflict And Job Stress On Employees Performance With Organizational Commitment As Intervening Variable. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, Vol. 6 No. 1,pp. 1-8.
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Muslih, M., and Hardani, R.T.S. 2021. Effect of Work Environment and Workload on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economics, Social Science, Entrepreneurship and Technology (IJESET), Vol. 1 Issue 1, pp, 23-35.
Paramita, N.K.S., and Suwandana, I.G.S. 2022. Effect of Job Stress, Work Conflict, and Workload on Employees' Performance. European Journal of Business and Management Research, Vol 7, Issue 4, pp. 125-128.
Putri, E.M., Ekowati, V.M., Supriyanto, A.S., and Mukaffi, Z. 2019. The Effect of Work Environment on Employee Performance Through Work Discipline. International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah, Vol. 7 Issue 4, pp. 132-140.
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Sadewo, I.P.N.P., Surachman, S., and Rofiaty, R. 2021. The Influence of Working Environment to Employee Performance Mediated by Work Motivation: A Study of Malang, Indonesia Retails Stores. Research in Business & Social Science, Vol. 10No. 3, pp. 213-222.
Sari, A.M., Ribhan, R., and Erlina R.R. 2021. The Effect of the Work Environment on Employee Performance with Motivation as a Mediation Variables. International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity, Vol.12 No. 1, pp. 372–382.
Sinambela, L. P. (2016). Public Service Reform Theory, Policy and Implementation, Jakarta: PT. Earth Literacy.
Sipayung, A., and Purba, K. 2021. The Effect of Motivation Workload, and Work Environment on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variable at the Environmental Service Office of Deli Serdang Regency. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 24, Issue 6, pp. 120-129.
Sitohang, N. 2019. Effect of Work Environment to Employee Performance in PT. Dwigunatama, Bekasi, Indonesia. International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research, Vol. 6 Issue 10, pp. 37-45.
Solatiah, S., Siti, N., and Muhammad, F.L. 2019. The Effect of Burnout, Leadership Style, and Work Conflict on Civil Servants’ Performance in Sub-District Throughout the City of Mataram. Eurasia: Economics & Business, Vol. No. 24, pp. 12-19.
Tamara, S., Mirza, D.F., Wijaya, E.E., and Kosasih, D. 2021. The Influence of Work Discipline, Communication, and Work Conflict on Employees Performance at PT Pratama Makmur Jaya Medan. International Journal of Social Science and Business, Vol. 5, No. 3, 2021, pp. 410-416.
Tasman, T., Siregar, Z.M.E., and Nasution, M.F. 2021. The Influence of Work Environment, Promotion, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), Vol. 4 No 3, pp. 4026-4031.
Wahyuni, N., Musnadi, S., Faisal, F. 2020. The Effect of Role Conflictand Workload on Employee Performance Mediated by Work Stress : Study on Aceh Financial Management Board. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research Vol. 3 Issue 3, pp. 106-116.
Adirinekso, G.P., and Zeppelin, Z. 2022. Work-Family Conflict Affect Employee Performance During The Covid-19 in Jakarta. Business and Entrepreneurial Review, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 155-168.
Afandi, P. (2016). Konsep dan Indikator Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Yogyakarta: Depublish
Alhidayat, M.S., Made, I.A., and Putra, I.U. 2022. Effect of Stress and Work Conflict on Employee Performance at PT. Indomarco Adi Prima Bengkulu Branch South Part. Jurnal Fokus Manajemen, Vol. 2 No. 2, November, 2022 page: 119-126.
Alma’rif, Y., Respati, H., and Nasir, M. 2022. Conflict, Stress and Motivation Influence Employee Performance. Cross Current International Journal of Economics, Management and Media Studies, Vol. 4 Issue 5, pp. 154-160.
Badrianto, Y., and Ekhsan, M. 2020. Effect of Work Environment and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance in PT. Nesinak Indonesia. Journal of Business, Management, and Accounting, Vol. 2 Issue 1, pp. 85-91.
Batubara, S.S. 2022. The Effect of Work Conflicts on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 1 - 4
Cahyaningtyas, I.D., and Santosa, A.D. 2021. The Impact of Competency, Workload, and Work Environment to Work Stress and Employee Performance of Bank BJB S. Parman. INOBIS: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia, Vol. 04 No. 03, pp. 389-396.
Djawoto, D., Setyorini, N., Cahyono, K.E., and Widiana, E. 2022. The Effect of Quality of Work-Life and Work-Family Conflict on Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science And Human Research, Vol. 05 Issue 09, pp. 4244-4255.
Edward, Y.R., and Purba, K. (2020). The Effect Analysis of Emotional Intelligence and Work Environment on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment as Intervening Variables in PT Berkat Bima Sentana. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), Vol 3 No. 3, pp. 1552-1563.
Erawati, K.N., Sitiari, N.W., and Indiani, N.L.P. 2019. The Effect of Stress and Working Environment on Employee Performance through Motivation Mediation: A Case Study on International Restaurant in Badung Bali. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Jagaditha, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 22-30.
Erliana, Z., and Hadi, M. A. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja, Konflik Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Pt. Delimax Konstruksi Indonesia Batam. Jurnal BENING, Prodi Manajemen Universitas Riau Kepulauan Batam, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 17-30.
Fithri, P., Mayari, P.A., Hasan, A., and Wirdianto, E. 2019. Impact of Work Environment on Employee Performance in Local Government of Padang City. International Conference of Organizational Innovation (ICOI 2019), Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, Volume 100, pp. 21-25.
Fitria, J.R. 2021. The Effect of Employee Conflict and Work Stress on Employee Performance at PT. ISS Indonesia in Cilandak. Journal of Research in Business, Economics, and Eduction, Vol. 3 Issue 6, pp. 37-45.
Kirana, I.B.G.A., Sriathi, A.G.A., and Suwandana, I.G.M. 2022. The Effect of Work Environment, Work Discipline, and Work Motivation on Employee Performance in Manufacturing Company. European Journal of Business and Management Research, Vol. 7 Issue 3, pp. 26-30.
Kurniawan, R.B., Sularso, R.A., and Titisari, P. 2018. The Effect Of Work Conflict And Job Stress On Employees Performance With Organizational Commitment As Intervening Variable. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, Vol. 6 No. 1,pp. 1-8.
Mangkunegara, A.A.P (2014). Evaluasi Kinerja SDM. Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Muslih, M., and Hardani, R.T.S. 2021. Effect of Work Environment and Workload on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economics, Social Science, Entrepreneurship and Technology (IJESET), Vol. 1 Issue 1, pp, 23-35.
Paramita, N.K.S., and Suwandana, I.G.S. 2022. Effect of Job Stress, Work Conflict, and Workload on Employees' Performance. European Journal of Business and Management Research, Vol 7, Issue 4, pp. 125-128.
Putri, E.M., Ekowati, V.M., Supriyanto, A.S., and Mukaffi, Z. 2019. The Effect of Work Environment on Employee Performance Through Work Discipline. International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah, Vol. 7 Issue 4, pp. 132-140.
Rivai, V. 2009. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan Dari Teori Ke Praktik. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sadewo, I.P.N.P., Surachman, S., and Rofiaty, R. 2021. The Influence of Working Environment to Employee Performance Mediated by Work Motivation: A Study of Malang, Indonesia Retails Stores. Research in Business & Social Science, Vol. 10No. 3, pp. 213-222.
Sari, A.M., Ribhan, R., and Erlina R.R. 2021. The Effect of the Work Environment on Employee Performance with Motivation as a Mediation Variables. International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity, Vol.12 No. 1, pp. 372–382.
Sinambela, L. P. (2016). Public Service Reform Theory, Policy and Implementation, Jakarta: PT. Earth Literacy.
Sipayung, A., and Purba, K. 2021. The Effect of Motivation Workload, and Work Environment on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variable at the Environmental Service Office of Deli Serdang Regency. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 24, Issue 6, pp. 120-129.
Sitohang, N. 2019. Effect of Work Environment to Employee Performance in PT. Dwigunatama, Bekasi, Indonesia. International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research, Vol. 6 Issue 10, pp. 37-45.
Solatiah, S., Siti, N., and Muhammad, F.L. 2019. The Effect of Burnout, Leadership Style, and Work Conflict on Civil Servants’ Performance in Sub-District Throughout the City of Mataram. Eurasia: Economics & Business, Vol. No. 24, pp. 12-19.
Tamara, S., Mirza, D.F., Wijaya, E.E., and Kosasih, D. 2021. The Influence of Work Discipline, Communication, and Work Conflict on Employees Performance at PT Pratama Makmur Jaya Medan. International Journal of Social Science and Business, Vol. 5, No. 3, 2021, pp. 410-416.
Tasman, T., Siregar, Z.M.E., and Nasution, M.F. 2021. The Influence of Work Environment, Promotion, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), Vol. 4 No 3, pp. 4026-4031.
Wahyuni, N., Musnadi, S., Faisal, F. 2020. The Effect of Role Conflictand Workload on Employee Performance Mediated by Work Stress : Study on Aceh Financial Management Board. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research Vol. 3 Issue 3, pp. 106-116.
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Published
2023-02-06
How to Cite
Nourman Adittya, H. ., Rivai Zainal, V. ., & Hakim, A. . (2023). Work Environment, Work Conflict, and Employee Performance: A Literature Review. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary, 1(4), 335–342. https://doi.org/10.38035/ijam.v1i4.146
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