Determinants of Employee Productivity in Public Institutions: Integrating Recruitment, Motivation, and Organizational Factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v4i5.1544Keywords:
Employee Productivity, Motivation, Competency-Based Recruitment, HPWS, Public Service Motivation, BPJS KetenagakerjaanAbstract
Employee productivity in public institutions is a key determinant of organizational effectiveness. This article provides a systematic analysis integrating Human Capital Theory, Expectancy Theory, Public Service Motivation (PSM), Transformational Leadership Theory, and High-Performance Work Systems (HPWS). The study aims to build a comprehensive conceptual model explaining how competency-based recruitment, intrinsic–extrinsic motivation, organizational culture, digital transformation, and leadership influence employee competence and sustainable productivity in BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. The results of the literature synthesis show that intrinsic motivation, mission-driven orientation, competency alignment, and collaborative leadership practices are the strongest predictors of long-term employee productivity. This article contributes to strengthening strategic HRM design in public-sector organizations.
References
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis. University of Chicago Press.
Boyatzis, R. (2018). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. Wiley.
Dessler, G. (2020). Human resource management. Pearson.
Perry, J. L., & Wise, L. R. (1990). The motivational bases of public service. Public Administration Review, 50(3), 367–373.
Kim, S. (2022). Public service motivation and employee performance in digital government. Government Information Quarterly, 39(4), 101–112.
Nguyen, T. & Tran, Q. (2023). Transformational leadership and public sector productivity. Journal of Public Administration Research, 45(2), 155–172.
Zhang, Y., & Chen, H. (2024). High-performance work systems in government institutions. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 14(1), 45–62.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Faizal Rachman, Hapzi Ali
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share— copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt— remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution— You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions— You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
- You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
- No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rightsmay limit how you use the material.
