Hubungan antara Gambaran Histopatologi Sumsum Tulang dan Gejala Klinis pada Pasien Leukemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v5i1.1803Keywords:
Leukemia, Sumsum tulang, Sel blast, Selularitas, Fibrosis, Gejala klinis, HistopatologiAbstract
Leukemia ditandai oleh proliferasi sel blast di sumsum tulang yang menimbulkan berbagai gejala klinis. Hubungan antara gambaran histopatologi dan manifestasi klinis belum selalu konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan keduanya pada pasien leukemia. Penelitian ini adalah studi observasional potong lintang menggunakan data biopsi sumsum tulang dan catatan klinis pasien leukemia. Hubungan antara persentase sel blast, selularitas, dan derajat fibrosis dengan gejala klinis dianalisis menggunakan Chi-Square atau Fisher’s Exact Test, dengan p < 0,05 dianggap signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan sel blast berhubungan signifikan dengan gejala gusi berdarah dan lebam, namun tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan demam maupun nyeri tulang. Selularitas tinggi menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan demam, namun tidak dengan gejala perdarahan lainnya. Sementara itu, derajat fibrosis tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan seluruh gejala klinis yang diteliti. Respons klinis pasien leukemia bersifat heterogen dan dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi faktor seluler, proses inflamasi, serta derajat invasi jaringan. Kesimpulannya adalah gambaran histopatologi sumsum tulang, terutama persentase sel blast dan tingkat selularitas, memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan beberapa gejala klinis pasien leukemia. Fibrosis tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada fase prefibrotik.
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