Optimalisasi Peran Hukum dalam Tata Kelola Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Perkotaan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v4i6.1779Keywords:
ruang terbuka hijau (RTH), hukum lingkungan, keadilan sosial, green gentrification, urban sustainabilityAbstract
Ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) merupakan infrastruktur ekologis yang menopang kesehatan lingkungan dan sosial perkotaan. Namun, urbanisasi yang masif justru memicu konversi ruang terbuka hijau, menyebabkan degradasi ekologis seperti peningkatan suhu mikro kota dan memicu ketidakadilan lingkungan (environmental injustice), dimana kelompok rentan semakin terpinggirkan dari akses terhadap lingkungan hidup yang sehat. Meskipun kerangka hukum, seperti UU No. 26/2007 tentang Penataan Ruang, telah mengamanatkan alokasi 30% ruang terbuka hijau, namun implementasinya di banyak kota besar masih jauh dari target. Melalui pendekatan studi literatur, penelitian ini menganalisis mengapa hukum gagal berfungsi optimal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan tersebut bukan sekadar masalah teknis implementatif, melainkan cerminan dari paradigma hukum yang teknokratis dan cenderung mengabaikan prinsip keadilan ekologis. Oleh karena itu, hukum harus direposisi dari instrumen normatif menjadi alat strategis yang afirmatif, memastikan partisipasi publik yang bermakna dan mendorong redistribusi manfaat ruang terbuka hijau secara adil. Transformasi pendekatan hukum ini adalah prasyarat untuk mewujudkan ruang terbuka hijau sebagai fondasi kota berkelanjutan yang berkeadilan bagi seluruh warganya.
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