Rasionalitas Weberian dalam Pemerintahan Modern: Tantangan Birokrasi dan Kebijakan Publik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v4i6.1744Keywords:
Rasionalitas, Pemerintahan Modern, Max Weber, Birokrasi, Kebijakan PublikAbstract
Rasionalitas merupakan elemen fundamental dalam pemerintahan modern karena berfungsi sebagai dasar normatif dan operasional dalam penyelenggaraan kekuasaan negara. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep rasionalitas pemerintahan dalam perspektif Weberian serta mengkaji relevansi dan tantangan penerapannya dalam birokrasi dan kebijakan publik kontemporer, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode literature review terhadap buku-buku klasik dan jurnal nasional maupun internasional yang relevan dengan kajian pemerintahan dan administrasi publik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa rasionalitas rasional-legal sebagaimana dirumuskan oleh Max Weber tetap menjadi fondasi penting bagi legitimasi pemerintahan, kepastian hukum, dan profesionalisme birokrasi. Namun, dalam praktiknya, rasionalitas tersebut kerap mengalami distorsi akibat politisasi birokrasi, fragmentasi regulasi, lemahnya penegakan hukum, serta dominasi rasionalitas prosedural yang mengabaikan dimensi substantif dan etis. Analisis terhadap indikator empiris seperti Corruption Perception Index (CPI), Government Effectiveness, dan Rule of Law Index mengindikasikan bahwa tantangan rasionalitas pemerintahan di Indonesia bersifat multidimensional. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa pemikiran Weberian tetap relevan sebagai kerangka analitis, tetapi memerlukan reinterpretasi kritis agar selaras dengan tuntutan governance, demokrasi, dan digitalisasi pemerintahan. Secara teoretis, artikel ini berkontribusi pada penguatan pendekatan neo-Weberian, sementara secara praktis memberikan landasan konseptual bagi reformasi birokrasi dan kebijakan publik di Indonesia.
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