Analysis of Working Time Standard for Loading and Unloading Goods And Income for Loading Unloading Labor (Tkbm) at Traditional Shipping Quay of Sunda Kelapa Port
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v3i4.2101Keywords:
Harbor, Traditional Shipping, Time Motion Study, ProductivityAbstract
Sunda Kelapa Port is one of the largest ports in Indonesia that specifically handles traditional ships activities. The loading and unloading services of various commodities at this port are still not optimal in accordance with the complaints of service users. In this regard, this study is aimed at finding various root causes of suboptimal loading and unloading activities through measuring the standard time of loading and unloading activities and analyzing the income level of stevedoring workers (TKBM). This type of research is quantitative research to measure standard time against six commodities as a sample with time and motion study analysis methods. The results of the analysis showed that the standard time obtained in the six commodities sampled was unloading oilcake, sago and kaolin by 7 minutes, 8 minutes, 9 minutes and for loading salt, rice and fertilizer by 7.4 minutes, 7.3 minutes and 7.3 minutes with income levels for unloading work of 200%, 200% and 238% of payroll calculations with real time and for loading work of 205%, 200% and 200% of payroll calculations with real time. The productivity of unloading work is 20.88% and loading is 14.87%, meaning that loading and unloading work at Sunda Kelapa Port has not met the loading and unloading performance standards of non-container goods in accordance with the Regulation of the Director General of Sea Transportation.
References
Apriani, R., Azwansyah, H., Rakyat, P., Kuning, N., Pelabuhan, S., Kuning, N., & Pontianak, K. (2017). Evaluasi kinerja pelabuhan rakyat nipah kuning. 1–13.
Barnabas, P. L., & Nirmalawati. (2005). Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja dan Peralatan Terhadap Sistem Bongkar Muat di Pelabuhan Pantoloan. SMARTek SIPIL MESIN ARSITEKTUR ELEKTRO PRODUKTIVITAS, 3(4), 220–226.
BPK. (2008). Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/4820
Christiani Berek, N., Widjanarko, B., Widjasena, B., Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Udayana Provinsi Bali, F., & Promosi Kesehatan Universitas Diponegoro Semarang ABSTRAK, M. (2011). Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktek Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat (TKBM) dalam Penggunaan Alat Perlindungan Diri (APD) di Pelabuhan Tenau Kupang. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 6(1), 56.
Destiana, N. (2022). Ergonomi, Mengenal Pengertian dan Prinsip Ergonomi Kerja. Majo.
Eni. (2019). Analisis Keterlambatan dan Efektifitas Kinerja Bongkar Muat Petikemas Terhadap Pendapatan Terminal Mirah di PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia III(Persero) Cabang Tanjung Perak Surabaya. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952., Mi, 5–24.
Gultom, E. (2017). Pelabuhan Indonesia. 19(3), 419–444.
Gultom, S., Sihombing, S., Chairuddin, I., Sirait, D. P., Pahala, Y., Setyawati, A., & Susanto, P. C. (2022). Kompetensi TKBM Dalam Mewujudkan Pelayanan Bongkar Muat yang Lebih Efisien dan Efektif di Pelabuhan Cirebon. ABDI MOESTOPO: Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, 5(1), 127–132. https://doi.org/10.32509/abdimoestopo.v5i1.1825
Iftikar Z. Sutalaksana, D. (2006). Teknik Perancangan Sistem Kerja. ITB.
Kepuasan, A., Terhadap, P., Di, P., Penumpang, T., Tenau, P., Provinsi, K., & Tenggara, N. (2017). Meteor Stip Marunda. 10(1), 10–21.
Kinerja Operasional Perusahaan. (2012). 1–94.
Kroemer, K., Kroemer, H., Kroemer, K. . (2001). Ergronomics How To Desain For Ease and Efficiency.
Macleod, D. (1995). The Ergonomics Edge: Improving Safety, Quality and Productivity.
Muhamad, M. R., Hasrulnizzam, W., & Mahmood, W. (2005). Productivity improvement through motion and time study. Management of Technology and Technology Entrepreneurship, June, 1–14.
Ngaliman, Y. dan B. (2017). ERGONOMI, Dasar-dasar Studi Waktu dan Gerakan untuk Analisis dan Perbaikan Sistem Kerja (Seno (Ed.)).
Raekhan, M. R., Sipil, J. T., Brawijaya, U., Djakfar, L., Sipil, J. T., Brawijaya, U., Pujiraharjo, A., Sipil, J. T., & Brawijaya, U. (2017). Evaluasi kinerja bongkar muat di pelabuhan umum gresik. 17(2), 133–144.
Rizky, Z., Rachman, T., Paotonan, C., Departemen, M., Kelautan, T., & Hasanuddin, U. (2018). Pentingnya Pengetahuan Tentang Muatan Dan Stabilitas Kapal Bagi Awak Kapal Rakyat Pelabuhan Paotere Makassar Demi Keselamatan Pelayaran. Sensistek: Riset Sains Dan Teknologi Kelautan, 1(1), 144–149.
Sagisolo, J., & Theo K. Sendow, J. Longdong, M. R. E. M. (2021). Analisis Tingkat Pelayanan Dermaga. 2(1).
Tawaka, Sholichul HA, L. S. (2005). Ergonomi untuk Keselamatan,Kesehatan Kerja dan Produktifitas. Surakarta :UNIBA PRESS.
Tenaga, B., Bongkar, K., Biaya, D. A. N., Samudera, P. T., & Indo, R. (2019). Biaya Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat , dan Biaya Tally Terhadap Net Profit Margin PT.Samudera Raya Indo Lines.
Widiawati, U. T. (2009). Deskripsi Time and Motion Study Untuk Mengetahui Waktu Baku Di Produksi Sambal Pt . Heinz Abc Indonesia Karawang. Jurnal PASTI, 2(2), 1–17.
Wignjosoebroto, S. (2003). Ergonomi. Guna Widya,2003.
Zurkiyah, & Asfiati, S. (2021). Analisis Tingkat Pelayanan Dermaga Pelabuhan Penumpang Teluk Nibung Asahan, Tanjung Balai Sumatera Utara. Semnastek Uisu, 248–252.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Edward Marpaung, Paulus Raga, Yolla Ayutia, Langas Denny Siahaan, Febriani Paembong

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share— copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt— remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution— You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions— You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
- You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
- No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rightsmay limit how you use the material.

























